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Wednesday, 6 June 2018
Friday, 18 May 2018
PROCHLORPERAZINE (Compro)
Side Effects
Orthostatic hypotension Constipation
Blurred vision Drowsiness
Dry eyes, dry mouth Photosensitivity
Nursing
Considerations
◾ Management of nausea, vomiting, psychotic disorders
◾ Monitor for development of neuroleptic malignant syndrome
(fever, respiratory distress, tachycardia, convulsions, sweating, hypertension or
hypotension, pallor, tiredness, severe muscle stiffness, loss of bladder control);
notify clinician immediately
◾ PO: take with food
◾ Do not crush or break sustained-release capsules
◾ IM: inject slowly, deeply into gluteal UOQ; keep patient lying
down for
30 minutes
◾ Use caution with potentially hazardous activities
◾ Avoid changing positions (lying/sitting/standing) rapidly
◾ Wear sunscreen and protective clothing to prevent
photosensitivity reactions
◾ Check CBC and liver functions with prolonged use
◾ Risk of increase mortality in elderly patients with dementia;
related psychosis
◾ May develop tardive dyskinesia
◾ Rx; Preg Cat C
MECLIZINE (Antivert, Bonine)
Side Effects
Drowsiness
Dizziness
Nursing Considerations
◾ Management of vertigo, motion sickness
◾ Duration 8–14 hours
◾ Take 1 hour before traveling
◾ Avoid activities requiring alertness
◾ Avoid alcohol, CNS depressants
◾ OTC, Rx; Preg Cat B
LOPERAMIDE HCL (Imodium)
Side Effects
Nausea, vomiting Drowsiness
Abdominal pain/distention Dry mouth
Dizziness
Nursing
Considerations
◾ Used for control of diarrhea, including diarrhea in travelers
◾ Take with a full glass of water
◾ Encourage 6–8 glasses of fluid per day
◾ Use caution with potentially hazardous activities
◾ If abdominal distention in acute ulcerative colitis, stop med
◾ Avoid use with alcohol, CNS depressants
◾ Follow clear liquid or bland diet until diarrhea subsides
◾ Do not use OTC if fever over 101°F (38°C) or if bloody diarrhea
◾ OTC, Rx; Preg Cat C
HYOSCYAMINE (Anaspaz, Gastrosed)
Side Effects
Confusion, stimulation Blurred vision
In elderly Tachycardia
Dry mouth, constipation Rash
Urinary retention, hesitancy Headache
Palpitations Drowsiness
Nursing
Considerations
◾ Treatment of peptic ulcer, other GI disorders, other spastic disorders,
urinary incontinence
◾ PO: onset 20–30 minutes, duration 4–6 hours
◾ IM, IV, subQ: onset 2–3 minutes, duration 4–6 hours
◾ Avoid activities requiring alertness until stabilized on med
◾ Avoid alcohol, CNS depressants
◾ Use sunglasses to prevent photophobia
◾ Take 30–60 minutes before meals
◾ Avoid antacids within 1 hour
◾ Rx; Preg Cat C
INSULIN-ISOPHANE SUSPENSION (NPH) (Humulin N, Novolin N)
INSULIN-ISOPHANE
SUSPENSION (NPH)
(Humulin N, Novolin N)
Side Effects
Hypoglycemia Alergic reactions
Lipodystrophy
Nursing Considerations
◾ Management of diabetes
◾ Comes in 100 units per milliliter vial, as well as in combination
with regular insulin in a 50/50 proportion and 75/25 proportion
◾ subQ: onset 1–1.5 hours, peak 4–12 hours, duration 18–24 hours
◾ Read administration instructions carefully
◾ Do not give IV
◾ Monitor blood sugar
◾ OTC, Rx; Preg Cat B
INSULIN GLARGINE (Lantus)
Side Effects
Hypoglycemia Pruritus
Lipodystrophy Rash
Allergic reactions
Nursing
Considerations
◾ Management of diabetes in type 1 diabetics or adults with type 2
requiring a long-acting insulin to control
hyperglycemia
◾ No pronounced peak, duration 24 hours
◾ Must inject at same time each day
◾ Not the drug of choice for diabetic ketoacidosis (use a
short-acting insulin)
◾ Higher incidence of injection site pain compared with NPH
insulin
◾ Monitor blood sugar
◾ Do not administer IV or via insulin pump
◾ Do not mix with any other insulin
◾ Rx; Preg Cat C
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